How to fix corrupted C drive?

Hello everybody,
I am here to find a clue about a technical issue, which I am facing for last four days. I have a Dell laptop. I have installed MS windows Vista on my laptop and I am having problem while using it (the problem is only related to C drive). Well, the issue is that my Windows Vista won’t load.
Whenever I want to start my Laptop (after completing the BIOS start-up runway) it does not load further and a still blank page appears.
I am going crazy due to this particular issue because I have done all the things which I could do myself to solve this… Even after trying different tricks I am not been able to succeed. The steps which I took earlier to fix this problem are given below.
1. First of all I put operating system compact disk in the CD ROM and tried to do a repair but while attempting to do so, there comes an error message containing “C drive is corrupted and cannot be repaired). So, the repairing source didn’t work for me.
2. Then, I tried starting Windows in safe mode but my OS is not able to load even in safe mode and that’s why another hope of mine goes down.
3. I have re-arranged the jumper setting for Mass storage device/hard drive but this also didn’t fix the issue.
Yes I can completely re-install my Windows but I have a lot of important files that I really do not want to loose. That’s why I don’t want to do a complete re-install of windows.
So, I would love to know, how to fix corrupted C drive?
My Laptop is only 11 months old, and has extended warranty and accidental damage for another 3 years. But I do not really understand whether the drive malfunction is my fault or Laptop's.
Can someone please advice?
