What is Stack overflow at line 156

What is Stack overflow at line 156

I always encounter this error during my student years which most of the time starts whenever I open an executable.

The stack overflow problem is related to the amount of memory used in the call stack.

A call stack contains a very limited amount of memory and it is set when the program starts. Now, when that call stack already uses too much memory, as the program runs, that is beyond the available space in the call stack which is a buffer overflow, the stack is said to overflow then the program crashes.

This error is called a stack overflow.

The usual cause of a stack overflow is extremely deep recursion. Below is an example of a deep or infinite recursion.

int foo() {
     return foo();
}

A recursive function that usually causes stack overflow can be fixed by making it into a loop and saving the function arguments in a stack like what is described in the images below. The recursive function on the first image:

Can be transformed into a loop on the second image: