How will a request sent by http browser from workstation, to any website go through a router and come back to workstation and open web page. Explain how packets travel in term of IP protocols ?
Let me explain to you first Protocol Layers, there would be 4 of them Application Protocol Layer, Transmission Control Protocol Layer (TCP), Internet Protocol Layer (IP) and Hardware Layer. Each of them have important roles in Protocol Stacks and Packets.
First:
Application protocol layer these are the applications that we use to send data online such as the world wide web, email, ETC.
Second:
Transmission Control Protocol layer is the one in charge of directing packets to a specific application in the computer with the use of a port number.
Third:
Internet protocol layer is the responsible in sending packet to a specific computer with an IP address.
Fourth:
Hardware layer is the one responsible in converting the binary that was sent through the network these are hardware such as Ethernet network card, modem, ETC.
Here is a picture so you will better understand how this works:
A web browser requests data through DNS passing to the router and then to the Internet server up to the CMTS. Then CMTS will transmit an Internet address through DNS found and then send it back to your equipment. The equipment you have has DNS software pre-built in and designed by the computer manufacturer. This translate DNS to an IP Address and it will display the actual website by the use of URL. The router has this DNS software that translate DNS to a website by way of HTTP.
Internet protocol has it's own application flow. The screenshot will give you idea on how it works. In the screenshot, you will notice that there is cycle in the process. We have a web server, DNS server and the actual website. See screenshot below.
